Evolution of antiparallel two-domain membrane proteins. Swapping domains in the glutamate transporter GltS.

University of Groningen Evolution of Antiparallel Two-Domain Membrane Proteins. Swapping Domains in the Glutamate Transporter GltS

Discovering Domains Mediating Protein Interactions

Background: Protein-protein interactions do not provide any direct information re‌garding the domains within the proteins that mediate the interactions. The majority of proteins are multi domain proteins and the interaction between them is often defined by the pairs of their domains. Most of the former studies focus only on interacting do‌main pairs. However they do not consider the in...

TM4 of the glutamate transporter GLT-1 experiences substrate-induced motion during the transport cycle

Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2), also known as glial glutamate transporter type 1 (GLT-1), plays an important role in maintaining the extracellular glutamate concentrations below neurotoxic levels. The highly conserved TM2 transmembrane domain of GLT-1 maintains a stable position during the transport cycle; however, the effect of the transport cycle on the topology of TM4 in not wel...

Biotinylation of Single Cysteine Mutants of the Glutamate Transporter GLT-1 from Rat Brain Reveals Its Unusual Topology

In the central nervous system, (Na+ + K+)-coupled glutamate transporters restrict the neurotoxicity of this transmitter and limit the duration of synaptic excitation at some synapses. The various isotransporters exhibit a particularly high homology in an extended hydrophobic domain of ill-defined topology that contains several determinants involved in ion and transmitter binding. Here, we descr...

3D domain swapping: as domains continue to swap.

Three-dimensional (3D) domain swapping creates a bond between two or more protein molecules as they exchange their identical domains. Since the term '3D domain swapping' was first used to describe the dimeric structure of diphtheria toxin, the database of domain-swapped proteins has greatly expanded. Analyses of the now about 40 structurally characterized cases of domain-swapped proteins reveal...